At the European Respiratory Society (ERS) 2024 Congress, experts discussed the benefits, risks, and ethical implications of using artificial intelligence (AI) in medicine. With over 600 AI-enabled medical devices registered with the FDA, AI is rapidly being integrated into healthcare systems. Traditional bioethical principles remain necessary for evaluating the ethics of AI tools, with the emerging fifth principle of “explainability” gaining attention. While AI has the potential to improve healthcare, risks include bias, lack of generalizability, and algorithmic bias that can worsen health disparities. The opacity of AI decision-making processes poses challenges in gaining trust and accountability, requiring further research and development.
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Promise and Perils of AI in Medicine
