Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by hair loss due to the immune system attacking hair follicles. Researchers developed a microneedle patch to deliver T cell regulators directly to sites of hair loss, promoting hair regrowth by restoring balance in the immune system without compromising its defenses. This targeted approach improves treatment outcomes and reduces systemic side effects compared to traditional immunosuppressants. The patch was successful in increasing hair regrowth in models of AA by increasing levels of Regulatory T cells (Tregs) and shows promise for treating other immune-mediated skin diseases like vitiligo and psoriasis. Further development and testing are ongoing before clinical use.
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