Recovery from anti-NMDAR encephalitis can take 3 years or more with lingering memory, language, and emotional problems, affecting young adults primarily. Treatment involves immunotherapy, but despite improvement, many patients still experience long-term cognitive deficits and struggle to return to work. A study found that 34% of patients had continued impairment after 3 years, with memory and language being the most affected areas. Patients with preceding herpes simplex virus encephalitis had even lower cognitive scores. Early rehabilitation efforts are crucial, and better biomarkers may help predict recovery outcomes. The study was funded by Dioraphte and the AEA Community Seed Grant.
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