Liver diseases are commonly diagnosed using serum enzyme assays, including AST, ALT, ALP, GGT, and 5′-NT. While elevated levels of these enzymes indicate liver injuries, subnormal levels can also signify various pathologies. Subnormal aminotransferase levels can result from vitamin B6 deficiency, alcoholic liver disease, celiac disease, Crohn’s disease, and chronic kidney disease. Hypophosphatasia, Wilson’s disease, divalent ion deficiencies, and malnutrition are linked to low ALP levels. GGT levels can be low in acute intrahepatic cholestasis, medication effects, and bone diseases. Lead poisoning and nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia are associated with low 5′-NT levels. Recognizing these patterns aids in diagnosis and treatment of underlying conditions.
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Decoding the significance of subnormal liver enzyme activity
