Diet plays a crucial role in managing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), with key recommendations including elevating the head of the bed, allowing a gap between meals and bedtime, and weight loss. Caloric intake and lipid content in meals impact esophagogastric physiology, with high-calorie, high-fat, or high-carbohydrate meals promoting reflux symptoms. Recent studies highlight the benefits of low-fat and low-carbohydrate diets for individuals with GERD. Certain foods like coffee, chocolate, and white wine can decrease lower esophageal sphincter pressure, while citrus fruits and spicy foods have minimal impact. Obesity is also a significant risk factor for GERD. Ongoing research aims to clarify the relationship between diet and GERD symptoms.
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How Does Diet Affect Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease?
